ORACLE用户常用数据字典的查询
<p>[TOC]</p>
<h1>系统对象</h1>
<h2>用户</h2>
<pre><code>查看当前用户的缺省表空间
SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;
查看当前用户的角色
SQL>select * from user_role_privs;
查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限
SQL>select * from user_sys_privs;
SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;
查看用户下所有的表
SQL>select * from user_tables;
显示当前会话所具有的权限
SQL>select * from session_privs;
显示指定用户所具有的系统权限
SQL>select * from dba_sys_privs where grantee='GAME';</code></pre>
<h2>表</h2>
<pre><code>查看用户下所有的表
SQL>select * from user_tables;
查看名称包含log字符的表
SQL>select object_name,object_id from user_objects
where instr(object_name,'LOG')>0;
查看某表的创建时间
SQL>select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name');
查看某表的大小
SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments
where segment_name=upper('&table_name');
查看放在ORACLE的内存区里的表
SQL>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y')>0;</code></pre>
<h2>索引</h2>
<pre><code>查看索引个数和类别
SQL>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;
查看索引被索引的字段
SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');
查看索引的大小
SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments
where segment_name=upper('&index_name');</code></pre>
<h2>序列号</h2>
<pre><code>查看序列号，last_number是当前值
SQL>select * from user_sequences;</code></pre>
<h2>视图</h2>
<pre><code>查看视图的名称
SQL>select view_name from user_views;
查看创建视图的select语句
SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views;
SQL>set long 2000; 说明：可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long 的大小
SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name');</code></pre>
<h2>同义词</h2>
<pre><code>查看同义词的名称
SQL>select * from user_synonyms;</code></pre>
<h2>约束条件</h2>
<pre><code>查看某表的约束条件
SQL>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_name
from user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name');
SQL>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name
from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc
where c.owner = upper('&table_owner') and c.table_name = upper('&table_name')
and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name
order by cc.position;</code></pre>
<h2>存储函数和过程</h2>
<pre><code>查看函数和过程的状态
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='FUNCTION';
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='PROCEDURE';
查看函数和过程的源代码
SQL>select text from all_source where ōwner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name');</code></pre>
<h1>系统参数</h1>
<h2>查看表空间的名称及大小</h2>
<pre><code>select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size
from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
group by t.tablespace_name;</code></pre>
<h2>查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小</h2>
<pre><code> select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
from dba_data_files
order by tablespace_name;</code></pre>
<h2>查看回滚段名称及大小</h2>
<pre><code> select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,
(initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,
max_extents, v.curext CurExtent
From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
order by segment_name ;</code></pre>
<h2>查看控制文件</h2>
<pre><code>select name from v$controlfile;</code></pre>
<h2>查看日志文件</h2>
<pre><code>select member from v$logfile;</code></pre>
<h2>查看表空间的使用情况</h2>
<pre><code> select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;</code></pre>
<h2>查看数据库库对象</h2>
<pre><code> select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;</code></pre>
<h2>查看数据库的版本</h2>
<pre><code> Select version FROM Product_component_version
Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';</code></pre>
<h2>查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式</h2>
<pre><code> Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;</code></pre>
<h2>查看当前所有对象</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> select * from tab;</code></pre>
<h2>建一个和a表结构一样的空表</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> create table b as select * from a where 1=2;
SQL> create table b(b1,b2,b3) as select a1,a2,a3 from a where 1=2;</code></pre>
<h2>察看数据库的大小，和空间使用情况</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> col tablespace format a20
SQL> select b.file_id 文件ID,
b.tablespace_name 表空间,
b.file_name 物理文件名,
b.bytes 总字节数,
(b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))) 已使用,
sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)) 剩余,
sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 剩余百分比
from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
where a.file_id=b.file_id
group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.file_id,b.bytes
order by b.tablespace_name
/
dba_free_space --表空间剩余空间状况
dba_data_files --数据文件空间占用情况</code></pre>
<h2>查看现有回滚段及其状态</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> col segment format a30
SQL> SELECT SEGMENT_NAME,OWNER,TABLESPACE_NAME,SEGMENT_ID,FILE_ID,STATUS FROM DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS;</code></pre>
<h2>查看数据文件放置的路径</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> col file_name format a50
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name from dba_data_files order by file_id;</code></pre>
<h2>显示当前连接用户</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> show user</code></pre>
<h2>日期格式</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd,hh24:mi:ss') from dual;</code></pre>
<h2>通过授权的方式来创建用户</h2>
<pre><code>SQL> grant connect,resource to test identified by test;
SQL> conn test/test</code></pre>